[31], Diarmaid MacCulloch, in his A History of Christianity, described the epistle as "a Christian foundation document in the justification of slavery". These beliefs, as set forth here, constitute the churchs When it comes to Onesimus and his circumstance as a slave, Paul felt that Onesimus should return to Philemon but not as a slave; rather, under a bond of familial love. The lists do not show all contributions to every state ballot measure, or each independent expenditure committee formed to support or Questia. Some claim to find a conscious artistic design underlying it, but there is no agreement among them on what this might be. [38] God is "the holy one of Israel"; justice and righteousness are the qualities that mark the essence of God, and Israel has offended God through unrighteousness. The image must rise again through the image. This background forms the context of Trito-Isaiah. We will update you on new newsroom updates. To sum up, all of you be harmonious, sympathetic, brotherly, kindhearted, and humble in spirit; make my joy complete by being of the same mind, maintaining the same love, united in spirit, intent on one purpose. [23][29] During this period, Assyria was expanding westward from its origins in modern-day northern Iraq towards the Mediterranean, destroying first Aram (modern Syria) in 734732 BCE, then the Kingdom of Israel in 722721, and finally subjugating Judah in 701. Time to Apply! [11], The man describes his beloved; the woman describes a rendezvous they have shared. The original Exodus participants left "in great haste" (Ex 12:11, Deut 16:3), whereas the participants in this new Exodus will "not go out in great haste" (Isa 52:12). The people of The United Methodist Church are putting our faith in action by making disciples of Jesus Christ for the transformation of the world. "Now they have come to know that everything You have given Me is from You; for the words which You gave Me I have given to them; and they received them and truly understood that I came forth from You, and they believed that You sent Me. The man accepts the invitation, and a third party tells them to eat, drink, "and be drunk with love". A psalm of David. Time to Apply! It is also read in its entirety by some at the end of the Passover Seder and is usually printed in most Hagadahs. And inasmuch as it was not without an oath (for they indeed became priests without an oath, but He with an oath through the One who said to Him, "THE LORD HAS SWORN AND WILL NOT CHANGE HIS MIND, 'YOU ARE A PRIEST FOREVER'"); New American Standard Bible Copyright 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 by The Lockman Foundation, La Habra, Calif. All rights reserved. [16] Further, Margaret M. Mitchell has demonstrated that a number of writers before Chrysostom either argue or assume that Onesimus was a runaway slave, including Athanasius, Basil of Caesarea and Ambrosiaster.[17]. Then it shall be, when you enter the land which the Lord your God gives you as an inheritance, and you possess it and live in it, that you shall take some of the first of all the produce of the ground which you bring in from your land that the Lord your God gives you, and you shall put it in a basket and go to the place where the Lord your God chooses to establish His name. [29] This is a concern of Paul and a reason he is writing to Philemon, asking that Philemon accept Onesimus back in a bond of friendship, forgiveness, and reconciliation. He also describes the affection he has for Onesimus and the transformation that has taken place with Onesimus's conversion to the Christian faith. In this reconstruction, Philemon would receive the letter first and then encourage Archippus to release Onesimus so that he could work alongside Paul. Now I exhort you, brethren, by the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you all agree and that there be no divisions among you, but that you be made complete in the same mind and in the same judgment. "[9], The opening verse of the salutation also names Timothy alongside Paul. Some scholars, but not Paul, see it as unthinkable in the times to even question ending slavery. Spiritual Direction Certification Program . [43], The earliest Christians, building on the messianic interpretation of Enoch, interpreted Isaiah 52:1353:12, the fourth of the songs, as a prophecy of the death and exaltation of Jesus, a role which Jesus himself accepted according to Luke 4:1721. Resurrection. In Zoharic Kabbalah, God is represented by a system of ten sephirot emanations, each symbolizing a different attribute of God, comprising both male and female. Read content from different sources in one place. The people of The United Methodist Church are putting our faith in action by making disciples of Jesus Christ for the transformation of the world. "The glory which You have given Me I have given to them, that they may be one, just as We are one; I in them and You in Me, that they may be perfected in unity, so that the world may know that You sent Me, and loved them, even as You have loved Me. They obey the prescribed laws, and at the same time surpass the laws by their lives.[33]. [6] The Christian church's interpretation of the Song as evidence of God's love for his people, both collectively and individually, began with Origen. She once more warns the daughters of Jerusalem against waking love until it is ready. [30], Sarah Ruden, in her Paul Among the People (2010), argues that in the letter to Philemon, Paul created the Western conception of the individual human being, "unconditionally precious to God and therefore entitled to the consideration of other human beings." This letter, seemingly, provided alleviation of suffering of some slaves due to the fact that Paul placed pastoral focus on the issue.[27]. The people praise the beauty of the woman. 2 P.Flor., Papiri greco-egizii, Papiri Fiorentini; The name "Acts of the Apostles" was first used by Irenaeus in the late 2nd century. Plan a community service day with a sign up. They shall make known unto you all things which are done here. The verbal form of apokatastasis is found in the Septuagint Malachi 3:23LXX (i.e. 1 O.Joach., Die Prinz-Joachim-Ostraka, Restoration to the original or primordial condition, Greek: , Fifth Ecumenical Council of Constantinople, Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers, "Origen of Alexandria and apokatastasis: Some Notes on the Development of a Noble Notion", "Apocatastasis' Condemnation During the Council of Constantinople II", "Nicea II's Teaching on Eternal Damnation, Origen, and Apocatastasis", "The Seventh General Council, the Second of Nicaea", "Origen, Eusebius, the Doctrine of Apokatastasis, and Its Relation to Christology", International Council of Unitarians and Universalists, Unitarian Universalist Christian Fellowship, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Apocatastasis&oldid=1107647374, Pages with numeric Bible version references, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Articles with too many examples from October 2014, Wikipedia articles with style issues from October 2014, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. especially of military formations, reversal of a movement, of the body back into its old form " ". [14] The most reliable evidence for its date is its language: Aramaic gradually replaced Hebrew after the end of the Babylonian exile in the late 6th century BCE, and the evidence of vocabulary, morphology, idiom and syntax clearly point to a late date, centuries after King Solomon to whom it is traditionally attributed. He makes me lie down in green pastures, he leads me beside quiet waters, he refreshes my soul. Together with the Acts of the Apostles, it makes up a two-volume work which scholars call LukeActs, accounting for 27.5% of the New Testament. Below are lists of the top 10 contributors to committees that have raised at least $1,000,000 and are primarily formed to support or oppose a state ballot measure or a candidate for state office in the November 2022 general election. In the first Exodus, water was provided by God, but scarcely. Sixty years of separate but equal. but He, having offered one sacrifice for sins for all time, Yes, it is He who will build the temple of the, But now He has obtained a more excellent ministry, by as much as He is also the, who has become such not on the basis of a law of, who does not need daily, like those high priests, to, Otherwise, He would have needed to suffer often since, The LORD lift up His countenance on you, And give you peace. The Second Council of Nicea explicitly affirmed in its sentence that the Second Council of Constantinople condemned Origen, as well as taught the existence of eternal damnation and explicitly rejected "the restoration of all things,"[citation needed] which in Latin is a reference to apocatastasis. A psalm of David. Power Tools - Use this theme to show that in the tool belt of faith, its imperative to have the tools of prayer (1 John 5:14), daily input from God (Matthew 6:11) and accountability (1 John 4:4-5) to live victoriously over sin. Brand Monitoring. The section closes with the woman telling the daughters of Jerusalem not to stir up love such as hers until it is ready. [18], Debate continues on the unity or disunity of the book. The "official" nature of the anathemas was reiterated subsequently. Microsoft pleaded for its deal on the day of the Phase 2 decision last month, but now the gloves are well and truly off. He makes me lie down in green pastures, he leads me beside quiet waters, he refreshes my soul. He gave him a tenth of all. In Christianity, it is a form of Christian universalism that includes the ultimate salvation of everyoneincluding the damned in hell and the devil. "The glory which You have given Me I have given to them, that they may be one, just as We are one; I in them and You in Me, that they may be perfected in unity, so that the world may know that You sent Me, and loved them, even as You have loved Me. Nineteenth-century German theologian Jakob Eckermann interpreted "the 'apocatastasis of all things' to mean the universal emendation of religion by the doctrine of Christ, and the 'times of refreshing' to be the day of renewal, the times of the Messiah. Then the jealousy of Ephraim will depart,And those who harass Judah will be cut off;Ephraim will not be jealous of Judah,And Judah will not harass Ephraim. 1 P.Abinn., The Abinnaeus Archive: Papers of a Roman Officer in the Reign of Constantius II; [1] In Christianity, it is a form of Christian universalism that includes the ultimate salvation of everyoneincluding the damned in hell and the devil. Paul concludes his salutation with a prayerful wish for grace and peace. "[49] This sense continued to be used in Lutheran sermons. [6] Along with six others, it is numbered among the "undisputed letters", which are widely considered to be authentically Pauline. The Song of Songs (Hebrew: r harm; Greek: , translit. Phipps, William E. (1974), "The Plight of the Song of Songs". By April Love-Fordham. The original position was believed to consist of an alignment of celestial bodies with Cancer. The whole congregation of the sons of Israel grumbled against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness. Only conduct yourselves in a manner worthy of the gospel of Christ, so that whether I come and see you or remain absent, I will hear of you that you are standing firm in one spirit, with one mind striving together for the faith of the gospel; Therefore if there is any encouragement in Christ, if there is any consolation of love, if there is any fellowship of the Spirit, if any affection and compassion, make my joy complete by being of the same mind, maintaining the same love, united in spirit, intent on one purpose. Featured Events Submit an Event Listing Apply to Trinity Leadership Fellows by January 31 . The section becomes a "garden poem", in which he describes her as a "locked garden" (usually taken to mean that she is chaste). Breaking news from the premier Jamaican newspaper, the Jamaica Observer. [43], In early Christian theological usage, apokatastasis was couched as God's eschatological victory over evil and believed to entail a purgatorial state. Which one? Give the Gift of Bible Study Tools PLUS! [7] Their leader, Ferdinand Christian Baur, only accepted four New Testament epistles as genuinely written by Paul: Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians and Galatians. [] For all of eternity in its entirety is not as worthy as the day on which Song of Songs was given to Israel, for all the Writings are holy, but Song of Songs is the Holy of Holies."[25]. After more than twenty years, Questia is discontinuing operations as of Monday, December 21, 2020. Chapters 3639 tell of the faithfulness of king. "As You sent Me into the world, I also have sent them into the world. This serves to prepare the ground for Paul's central request. Now may the God who gives perseverance and encouragement grant you to be of the same mind with one another according to Christ Jesus. [11], Isaiah 44:6 contains the first clear statement of monotheism: "I am the first and I am the last; beside me there is no God". I have other sheep, which are not of this fold; I must bring them also, and they will hear My voice; and they will become one flock with one shepherd. [49], This article is about the Book of Isaiah. "Sanctify them in the truth; Your word is truth. "Sinc Do nothing from selfishness or empty conceit, but with humility of mind regard one another as more important than yourselves;read more.do not merely look out for your own personal interests, but also for the interests of others. Nashville: Abingdon, 2010. p.895, Textual variants in the Epistle to Philemon, "On rethinking the Philemon-Colossians connection", "Spe salvi (30 de noviembre de 2007) | Benedicto XVI", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Epistle_to_Philemon&oldid=1125468048, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2016, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from Easton's Bible Dictionary, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 4 December 2022, at 04:32. Two hundred fifty years of slavery. In theology, apocatastasis (/ p o k t s t s s /) is the restoration of creation to a condition of perfection. Be patient and prayerful and God will grow the seeds of truth and fellowship you are planning with your small group. "Philippians And Philemon: Sacra Pagina Commentary." SAMPLE, Recruit Sunday School volunteers with a sign up. He gives thanks to God for Philemon's love and faith and prays for his faith to be effective. [46] A psalm of David. "Now, Father, glorify Me together with Yourself, with the glory which I had with You before the world was. By April Love-Fordham. Breaking news from the premier Jamaican newspaper, the Jamaica Observer. The Book of Isaiah (Hebrew: , [s.fr j.a.ja.hu]) is the first of the Latter Prophets in the Hebrew Bible and the first of the Major Prophets in the Christian Old Testament. Exciting Award Winning Bible Studies . And those who harass Judah will be cut off; praising God and having favor with all the people And the Lord was adding to their number day by day those who were being saved. [24][25][26] On the other hand, Brian E. Daley in his handbook of patristic eschatology argued that Origen strongly believed in the final salvation of all humans and sometimes referred to it as apocatastasis.[27]. [29] This is a part of Pauline Christianity and theology. 47% Off in December! "The Song of Songs" Introduction and Annotations. Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (/ n i t ,-t i /; German: [fid vlhlm nit] or [nits]; 15 October 1844 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, prose poet, cultural critic, and philologist whose work has exerted a profound influence on contemporary philosophy.He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. nor was it that He would offer Himself often, as the high priest enters the holy place year by year with blood that is not his own. For if the blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a heifer sprinkling those who have been defiled sanctify for the cleansing of the flesh, how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered Himself without blemish to God, cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living God? "The glory which You have given Me I have given to them, that they may be one, just as We are one; I in them and You in Me, that they may be perfected in unity, so that the world may know that You sent Me, and loved them, even as You have loved Me. While the last of these meant that even sinners will be restored to a clear knowledge of God, Maximus seems to have believed that they will not attain to the same communion with God as the righteous and thus will in a sense be eternally punished. Then I saw an angel coming down from heaven, holding the key of the abyss and a great chain in his hand. "[28] Paul viewed slavery as an example of a human institution of dehumanization, and believed that all human institutions were about to fade away. The word, apokatastasis, appears only once in the New Testament, in Acts 3:21. It is like the precious oil upon the head,Coming down upon the beard,Even Aarons beard,Coming down upon the edge of his robes. The Epistle to Philemon is one of the books of the Christian New Testament.It is a prison letter, co-authored by Paul the Apostle with Timothy, to Philemon, a leader in the Colossian church. [11], The man describes his beloved: Her hair is like a flock of goats, her teeth like shorn ewes, and so on from face to breasts. These themes dominate the rest of the Jewish Bible, which is identical with the Protestant canon of the Old Testament. Ninety years of Jim Crow. The letter is addressed to Philemon, Apphia and Archippus, and the church in Philemon's house. For we do not have a high priest who cannot sympathize with our weaknesses, but One who has been tempted in all things as we are, yet without sin. "[21] It was accepted as canonical because of its supposed authorship by Solomon and based on an allegorical reading where the subject matter was taken to be not sexual desire but God's love for Israel. The lists do not show all contributions to every state ballot measure, or each independent expenditure committee formed to support or Featured Events Submit an Event Listing Apply to Trinity Leadership Fellows by January 31 . After more than twenty years, Questia is discontinuing operations as of Monday, December 21, 2020. Best Books for Women's Bible Studies. [18], The usual view taken of Peter's use of the "apokatastasis of all the things about which God spoke" is that it refers to the restoration of the Kingdom of Israel and/or the Garden of Eden and not "all things that ever existed".[19]. Follow Jamaican news online for free and stay informed on what's happening in the Caribbean [12] Isaiah's "shoot [which] will come up from the stump of Jesse" is alluded to or cited in the Psalms of Solomon and various apocalyptic works including the Similitudes of Enoch, 2 Baruch, 4 Ezra, and the third of the Sibylline oracles, all of which understood it to refer to a/the messiah and the messianic age. [31], The conquest of Jerusalem by Babylon and the exile of its elite in 586 BCE ushered in the next stage in the formation of the book. [22], Before addressing the main topic of the letter, Paul continues with a paragraph of thanksgiving and intercession. 1 P.Ross.Georg., Papyri russischer und georgischer Sammlungen; Therefore He is able also to save forever those who draw near to God through Him, since He always lives to make intercession for them. Association of Unity Churches: The denominational structure affiliated with the Unity School of Christianity. (The last part is unclear and possibly corrupted.)[11]. [14] In place of the traditional interpretation, Callahan suggests that Onesimus and Philemon are brothers both by blood and religion, but who have become estranged, and the intent of this letter was to reconcile the two men. Together with the Acts of the Apostles, it makes up a two-volume work which scholars call LukeActs, accounting for 27.5% of the New Testament. New York, NY (and Online) Program Commences September 2023. 47% Off in December! "Lecha Dodi", a 16th-century liturgical song with strong Kabbalistic symbolism, contains many passages, including its opening two words, taken directly from Song of Songs. Stewards of God's Grace - Since therefore Christ suffered in the flesh, arm yourselves with the same way of thinking, for whoever has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin, so as to live for the rest of the time in the flesh no longer for human passions but for the will of God. Therefore, He had to be made like His brethren in all things, so that He might become a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people. [5][6], There is widespread consensus that, although the book has no plot, it does have what can be called a framework, as indicated by the links between its beginning and end. [11] Sometime after leaving, Onesimus came into contact with Paul, although again the details are unclear. [36] Walter Brueggemann has described this overarching narrative as "a continued meditation upon the destiny of Jerusalem". The Epistle to Philemon is one of the books of the Christian New Testament.It is a prison letter, co-authored by Paul the Apostle with Timothy, to Philemon, a leader in the Colossian church. The two compete in offering flattering compliments ("my beloved is to me as a cluster of henna blossoms in the vineyards of En Gedi", "an apple tree among the trees of the wood", "a lily among brambles", while the bed they share is like a forest canopy). Rather than deal with the morality of slavery directly, he undermines the foundation of slavery which is dehumanization of other human beings. This figure of speech Jesus spoke to them, but they did not understand what those things were which He had been saying to them. of a planet, return to a place in the heavens occupied at a former epoch. Ninety years of Jim Crow. 3 P.Ryl, Rylands Papyri; News Reader. Following the dissemination of the Zohar in the 13th century, Jewish mysticism took on a metaphorically anthropomorphic erotic element, and Song of Songs is an example of this. In Isaiah 44:0920, this is developed into a satire on the making and worship of idols, mocking the foolishness of the carpenter who worships the idol that he himself has carved. Thirty-five years of racist housing policy. "They are not of the world, even as I am not of the world. Stern, Elsie. [6] This period was referred to as wizarishn or the end of historythe time of separation and resolution[7] when evil is destroyed and the world is restored to its original state. must therefore be taken as indicative, rather than determinative:[9], The introduction calls the poem "the song of songs", a construction commonly used in Scriptural Hebrew to show something as the greatest and most beautiful of its class (as in Holy of Holies). with a view to an administration suitable to the fullness of the times, that is, the summing up of all things in Christ, things in the heavens and things on the earth. The land between Egypt and Canaan of the first Exodus was a "great and terrible wilderness, an arid wasteland" (Deut 8:15), but in this new Exodus, the land between Babylon (Mesopotamia) and the Promised Land will be transformed into a paradise, where the mountains will be lowered and the valleys raised to create level road (Isa 40:4). The concept of "restore" or "return" in the Hebrew Bible is the common Hebrew verb ,[15] as used in Malachi 4:6, the only use of the verb form of apocatastasis in the Septuagint. The Lord has sworn and will not change His mind,You are a priest foreverAccording to the order of Melchizedek., just as He says also in another passage,You are a priest foreverAccording to the order of Melchizedek.. Upholding the Protestant conviction of Sola Scriptura (Bible only), these 28 Fundamental Beliefs describe how Seventh-day Adventists interpret Scripture for daily application.. Seventh-day Adventists accept the Bible as their only creed and hold certain fundamental beliefs to be the teaching of the Holy Scriptures. We will update you on new newsroom updates. Slavery was most commonly found in households. Moreover, the expectations fostered by the traditional fugitive slave hypothesis go unrealized in the letter. Therefore, holy brethren, partakers of a heavenly calling, consider Jesus, the Apostle and High Priest of our confession; And no one takes the honor to himself, but receives it when he is called by God, even as Aaron was. CONNECT WITH US. Chapters 5666 assume an even later situation, in which the people are already returned to Jerusalem and the rebuilding of the Temple is already under way. nor was it that He would offer Himself often, as the high priest enters the holy place year by year with blood that is not his own. The regard in which Isaiah was held was so high that the book was frequently called "the Fifth Gospel": the prophet who spoke more clearly of Christ and the Church than any others. Paul sends greetings from five of his co-workers and concludes the letter with a benediction. And this is clearer still, if another priest arises according to the likeness of Melchizedek. He concludes this paragraph by describing the joy and comfort he has received from knowing how Philemon has shown love towards the Christians in Colossae. 7 Polybius, Histories; Otherwise, He would have needed to suffer often since the foundation of the world; but now once at the consummation of the ages He has been manifested to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself. Recruit Sunday School volunteers with a sign up. The former priests, on the one hand, existed in greater numbers because they were prevented by death from continuing. Gregory of Nazianzus discussed it without reaching a decision. praising God and having favor with all the people And the Lord was adding to their number day by day those who were being saved. In this case, Timothy may have encountered Philemon while accompanying Paul in his work in Ephesus. So also Christ did not glorify Himself so as to become a high priest, but He who said to Him, "YOU ARE MY SON, TODAY I HAVE BEGOTTEN YOU"; And Melchizedek king of Salem brought out bread and wine; now he was a priest of God Most High. Paul also was not suggesting that Onesimus be punished, in spite of the fact that Roman law allowed the owner of a runaway slave nearly unlimited privileges of punishment, even execution. The hand of God was also on Judah to give them one heart to do what the king and the princes commanded by the word of the Lord. [11], The poem seems to be rooted in festive performance, and connections have been proposed with the "sacred marriage" of Ishtar and Tammuz. This symbolizes the Jewish people, and in the body, the female form, identified with the woman in Song of Songs. News Reader. As you take on the challenge of leading a small group, remember that even Jesus disciples had a hard time getting it most of the time! 50 Get to Know You Games and Questions for Small Groups "I am the door; if anyone enters through Me, he will be saved, and will go in and out and find pasture. These themes dominate the rest of the Jewish Bible, which is identical with the Protestant canon of the Old Testament. But now in Christ Jesus you who formerly were far off have been brought near by the blood of Christ. [34], Foster, Paul. We will update you on new newsroom updates. [35] (More explicitly, it concerns questions current among Jews living in Jerusalem and Palestine in the post-Exilic period about who is a God-loving Jew and who is not). [22][23] For instance, the famed first and second century Rabbi Akiva forbade the use of the Song of Songs in popular celebrations. Password requirements: 6 to 30 characters long; ASCII characters only (characters found on a standard US keyboard); must contain at least 4 different symbols; [37], God's plan for the world is based on his choice of Jerusalem as the place where he will manifest himself, and of the line of David as his earthly representative a theme that may possibly have been created through Jerusalem's reprieve from Assyrian attack in 701 BCE. These themes dominate the rest of the Jewish Bible, which is identical with the Protestant canon of the Old Testament. Themes. Prop 30 is supported by a coalition including CalFire Firefighters, the American Lung Association, environmental organizations, electrical workers and businesses that want to improve Californias air quality by fighting and preventing wildfires and reducing air pollution from vehicles. Although it is a main theme, Paul does not label slavery as negative or positive. Jewish tradition reads it as an allegory of the relationship between God and Israel. Association of Unity Churches: The denominational structure affiliated with the Unity School of Christianity. "He flees because he is a hired hand and is not concerned about the sheep. Before Paul, Ruden argues, a slave was considered subhuman, and entitled to no more consideration than an animal. He guides me along the right paths for his names sake. Although he has the boldness to command Philemon to do what would be right in the circumstances, he prefers to base his appeal on his knowledge of Philemon's love and generosity. [20][12] J. Ninety years of Jim Crow. [5] Jewish tradition reads it as an allegory of the relationship between God and Israel; Christianity, as an allegory of Christ and his bride, the Church. Its expansion was described as Zeus turning his thoughts outwards, resulting in the creation of the material cosmos, and its contraction, the apocatastasis, as Zeus returning to self-contemplation. "Sanctify them in the truth; Your word is truth. Read content from different sources in one place. [32], Isaiah is focused on the main role of Jerusalem in God's plan for the world, seeing centuries of history as though they were all the single vision of the 8th-century prophet Isaiah. In those days the house of Judah will walk with the house of Israel, and they will come together from the land of the north to the land that I gave your fathers as an inheritance. A local Synod of Constantinople (543) condemned a form of apocatastasis as being Anathema, and the Anathema was formally submitted to the Fifth Ecumenical Council of Constantinople (553). The Gospel of Luke tells of the origins, birth, ministry, death, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus Christ. They pass their days on earth, but they are citizens of heaven. "I am the good shepherd, and I know My own and My own know Me, even as the Father knows Me and I know the Father; and I lay down My life for the sheep. By April Love-Fordham. Shasta, CA: New Age, channeling Christ-consciousness teachings. 2 Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews; Microsoft pleaded for its deal on the day of the Phase 2 decision last month, but now the gloves are well and truly off. It is the shortest of Paul's extant letters, consisting of only 335 words in the Greek text. This view, however, has not found widespread support. Study the core scientific principles, theories, and processes that govern living organisms and biological systems with hands-on laboratory work. "I have other sheep, which are not of this fold; I must bring them also, and they will hear My voice; and they will become one flock with one shepherd. "[20], The significance of apocatastasis in early Christianity is currently somewhat of disputed question. The importance of this theme is indicated by its placement at the beginning and end of Second Isaiah (40:35, 55:1213). Password requirements: 6 to 30 characters long; ASCII characters only (characters found on a standard US keyboard); must contain at least 4 different symbols; The Book of Isaiah (Hebrew: , [s.fr j.a.ja.hu]) is the first of the Latter Prophets in the Hebrew Bible and the first of the Major Prophets in the Christian Old Testament. "The glory which You have given Me I have given to them, that they may be one, just as We are one; I in them and You in Me, that they may be perfected in unity, so that the world may know that You sent Me, and loved them, even as You have loved Me. Following a bumpy launch week that saw frequent server trouble and bloated player queues, Blizzard has announced that over 25 million Overwatch 2 players have logged on in its first 10 days. WHO WE ARE; CAREERS; HELP; ACCESSIBILITY; PRIVACY POLICY; Copyright W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. 2022 Her beloved was identified with the male sephira Tiferet, the "Holy One Blessed be He", central principle in the beneficent Heavenly flow of Divine emotion. [19] Apphia in the salutation is probably Philemon's wife. WHO WE ARE; CAREERS; HELP; ACCESSIBILITY; PRIVACY POLICY; Copyright W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. 2022 and might reconcile them both in one body to God through the cross, by it having put to death the enmity. Give the Gift of Bible Study Tools PLUS! his son Solomon ascends the throne of a united kingdom, but this unity only lasts during his reign. Then I saw an angel coming down from heaven, holding the key of the abyss and a great chain in his hand. Opportunity Zones are economically distressed communities, defined by individual census tract, nominated by Americas governors, and certified by the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury via his delegation of that authority to the Internal Revenue Service. Association of Unity Churches: The denominational structure affiliated with the Unity School of Christianity. Beyond all these things put on love, which is the perfect bond of unity. Sixty years of separate but equal. [15] Ben Witherington III has challenged Callahan's interpretation as a misreading of Paul's rhetoric. In fact, "there is a tradition that even this book was considered as one to be excluded. The lists do not show all contributions to every state ballot measure, or each independent expenditure committee formed to support or He synthesized early modern rationalism and empiricism, set the terms for much of nineteenth and twentieth century philosophy, and continues to exercise a significant influence today in metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, political philosophy, aesthetics, and other fields. "He flees because he is a hired hand and is not concerned about the sheep. "Sinc Simple to set up and easy for invitees to use. For all of you who were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ. [45] Isaiah 7:14, where the prophet is assuring king Ahaz that God will save Judah from the invading armies of Israel and Syria, forms the basis for Matthew 1:23's doctrine of the virgin birth,[46] while Isaiah 40:35's image of the exiled Israel led by God and proceeding home to Jerusalem on a newly constructed road through the wilderness was taken up by all four Gospels and applied to John the Baptist and Jesus. Apphia is often presumed to be Philemon's wife and Archippus, a "fellow labourer", is sometimes suggested to be their son. Prop 30 is supported by a coalition including CalFire Firefighters, the American Lung Association, environmental organizations, electrical workers and businesses that want to improve Californias air quality by fighting and preventing wildfires and reducing air pollution from vehicles. Give the Gift of Bible Study Tools PLUS! For other uses, see, sfn error: no target: CITEREFPhipps1979 (, sfn error: no target: CITEREFSchiffman1998 (, Learn how and when to remove this template message, By Grand Central Station I Sat Down and Wept, "Why Do We Sing the Song of Songs on Passover? with all humility and gentleness, with patience, showing tolerance for one another in love. The return (apokatastasis) of the planets and stars to their proper celestial signs, namely their original positions, would spark a conflagration of the universe (ekpyrosis). "He who is a hired hand, and not a shepherd, who is not the owner of the sheep, sees the wolf coming, and leaves the sheep and flees, and the wolf snatches them and scatters them. being diligent to preserve the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace. Grammatically, the relative pronoun "" ("of which", genitive plural), could refer either to "" ("of times") or to "" ("of all" or "of all things"), which means that it is either the times of which God spoke or the all things of which God spoke. It is one of the overtly mystical Biblical texts for the Kabbalah, which gave esoteric interpretation on all the Hebrew Bible. isma ismtn, Koine Greek pronunciation:[.zm zm.ton]), also called the Canticle of Canticles or the Song of Solomon, is an erotic poem that is one of the megillot (scrolls) found in the last section of the Tanakh, known as the Ketuvim (or "Writings"). nor was it that He would offer Himself often, as the high priest enters the holy place year by year with blood that is not his own. [27] While the authors are anonymous, it is plausible that all of them were priests, and the book may thus reflect Priestly concerns, in opposition to the increasingly successful reform movement of the Deuteronomists. Eventually, Origen started to be condemned throughout the early church in local councils, though not apocatastasis specifically. "Sinc 1 Acts 3:21 New Testament; "This is eternal life, that they may know You, the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom You have sent. She remarks, "In Origens thought, the doctrine of apokatastasis is interwoven with his anthropology, eschatology, theology, philosophy of history, theodicy, and exegesis; for anyone who takes Origens thought seriously and with a deep grasp of it, it is impossible to separate the apokatastasis theory from all the rest, so as to reject it but accept the rest."[38]. [11] In particular, Knox's view has been challenged on the basis of the opening verses. "But now I come to You; and these things I speak in the world so that they may have My joy made full in themselves. The Shechina (indwelling Divine presence) was identified with the feminine sephira Malchut, the vessel of Kingship. She summons her lover, using the language used before: he should come "like a gazelle or a young stag upon the mountain of spices". Stewards of God's Grace - Since therefore Christ suffered in the flesh, arm yourselves with the same way of thinking, for whoever has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin, so as to live for the rest of the time in the flesh no longer for human passions but for the will of God. The term apocatastasis is mentioned in the 14th of the 15 anathemas against Origen of 553: "If anyone shall say that in this pretended apocatastasis, spirits only will continue to exist, as it was in the feigned pre-existence: let him be anathema. They are in the flesh, but they do not live after the flesh. [18] Philemon may have converted to Christianity through Paul's ministry, possibly in Ephesus. [10] The poem proper begins with the woman's expression of desire for her lover and her self-description to the "daughters of Jerusalem": she insists on her sun-born blackness, likening it to the "tents of Kedar" (nomads) and the "curtains of Solomon". Immanuel Kant (17241804) is the central figure in modern philosophy. [10], According to the majority interpretation, Paul wrote this letter on behalf of Onesimus, a runaway slave who had wronged his owner Philemon. Blogs, RSS, Youtube channels, Podcast, Magazines, etc. Then it shall be, when you enter the land which the Lord your God gives you as an inheritance, and you possess it and live in it, that you shall take some of the first of all the produce of the ground which you bring in from your land that the Lord your God gives you, and you shall put it in a basket and go to the place where the Lord your God chooses to establish His name. Themes. 1 PSI, Papiri greci e latini; p.174, Foster, Paul. Thereafter, from fire, rebirth would commence, and this cycle of alternate destruction and recreation was correlated with a divine Logos. that their hearts may be encouraged, having been knit together in love, and attaining to all the wealth that comes from the full assurance of understanding, resulting in a true knowledge of Gods mystery, that is, Christ Himself. who has become such not on the basis of a law of physical requirement, but according to the power of an indestructible life. And the sons of Judah and the sons of Israel will be gathered together,And they will appoint for themselves one leader,And they will go up from the land,For great will be the day of Jezreel. [5], While apocatastasis is derived from the Greek verb apokathistemi, which means "to restore," it first emerged as a doctrine in Zoroastrianism where it is the third time of creation. The Song of Songs (Hebrew: r harm; Greek: , translit. his son Solomon ascends the throne of a united kingdom, but this unity only lasts during his reign. In addition, two recent works that do not discuss apocatastasis give the corresponding Greek word as the source from which "universalism" is derived. "I have manifested Your name to the men whom You gave Me out of the world; they were Yours and You gave them to Me, and they have kept Your word. So Jesus said to them again, "Truly, truly, I say to you, I am the door of the sheep. Thus, He will be a priest on His throne, and the counsel of peace will be between the two offices., For it is attested of Him,You are a priest foreverAccording to the order of Melchizedek.. Together with the Acts of the Apostles, it makes up a two-volume work which scholars call LukeActs, accounting for 27.5% of the New Testament. [4] A typical outline based on this understanding of the book sees its underlying structure in terms of the identification of historical figures who might have been their authors:[16], While one part of the general consensus still holds, this perception of Isaiah as made up of three rather distinct sections underwent a radical challenge in the last quarter of the 20th century. Built upon the success of Unity Via designs, Unity Via II Progressive Lenses are enhanced for todays demanding visual needs. Study the core scientific principles, theories, and processes that govern living organisms and biological systems with hands-on laboratory work. God has a plan which will be realised on the ", The oppressor (now identified as Babylon rather than Assyria) is about to fall. The Song of Songs (Hebrew: r harm; Greek: , translit. 2022 SignUpGenius, Inc. All Rights Reserved. [28] This may be because Paul had the perspective that Jesus would return soon. According to O'Brien, the fact that Philemon's name is mentioned first, together with the use of the phrase "in your house" in verse 2, makes it unlikely that Archippus was the primary addressee. Alternatively, he may have previously heard Paul's name (as his owner was a Christian) and so travelled to him for help. [11] After meeting Paul, Onesimus became a Christian believer. Find stories, updates and expert opinion. [24] However, Rabbi Akiva famously defended the canonicity of the Song of Songs, reportedly saying when the question came up of whether it should be considered a defiling work, "God forbid! These all with one mind were continually devoting themselves to prayer, along with the women, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with His brothers. 1 P.Cair.Isid., The Archive of Aurelius Isidorus in the Egyptian Museum, Cairo, and the University of Michigan; Chapters 3435 tell how Yahweh will return the redeemed exiles to Jerusalem. "I have manifested Your name to the men whom You gave Me out of the world; they were Yours and You gave them to Me, and they have kept Your word. Rather, Paul regularly mentions others in the address if they have a particular connection with the recipient. For Christ did not enter a holy place made with hands, a mere copy of the true one, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us; For you first, God raised up His Servant and sent Him to bless you by turning every one of you from your wicked ways., Yes, it is He who will build the temple of the Lord, and He who will bear the honor and sit and rule on His throne. "The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy; I came that they may have life, and have it abundantly. Anonymity: Isaiah's name suddenly stops being used after chapter 39. His sermon set Jesus in the Jewish context, the fulfiller of the Abrahamic Covenant, and says: [19] Repent ye therefore, and be converted, that your sins may be blotted out, when the times of refreshing shall come from the presence of the Lord; [20] And he shall send Jesus Christ, which before was preached unto you: [21] Whom the heaven must receive until the times of restitution of all things, which God hath spoken by the mouth of all his holy prophets since the world began. Upholding the Protestant conviction of Sola Scriptura (Bible only), these 28 Fundamental Beliefs describe how Seventh-day Adventists interpret Scripture for daily application.. Seventh-day Adventists accept the Bible as their only creed and hold certain fundamental beliefs to be the teaching of the Holy Scriptures. "I do not ask on behalf of these alone, but for those also who believe in Me through their word; that they may all be one; even as You, Father, are in Me and I in You, that they also may be in Us, so that the world may believe that You sent Me. The preservation of the letter suggests that Paul's request was granted. "I glorified You on the earth, having accomplished the work which You have given Me to do. Follow Jamaican news online for free and stay informed on what's happening in the Caribbean so we, who are many, are one body in Christ, and individually members one of another. Browse our listings to find jobs in Germany for expats, including jobs for English speakers or those in your native language. Otherwise, He would have needed to suffer often since the foundation of the world; but now once at the consummation of the ages He has been manifested to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself. You prepare a table before me in the Antapocatastasis is a counter-recurrence when the stars and planets align with Capricorn, which would mark destruction by a universal flood. 3435: A vision of Zion, perhaps a later addition; 3639: Stories of Isaiah's life, some from the Book of Kings. Mens Small Groups . Do we not all have one father? [39], Clement of Alexandria (c. 150 c. 215) generally uses the term apokatastasis to refer to the "restoration" of the "gnostic" Christians, rather than that of the universe or of all Christians, but with universal implications. The older understanding of this book as three fairly discrete sections attributable to identifiable authors leads to a more atomised picture of its contents, as in this example: While it is widely accepted that the book of Isaiah is rooted in a historic prophet called Isaiah, who lived in the Kingdom of Judah during the 8th century BCE, it is also widely accepted that this prophet did not write the entire book of Isaiah. She reveals that this is a dream, seen on her "bed at night" and ends by again warning the daughters of Jerusalem "not to stir up love until it is ready". CONNECT WITH US. ', Christ, the high priest After the order of melchizedek, Christ, the high priest Superior to aaron and the levitical priests, Christ, the high priest Offered sacrifice but once, Christ, the high priest His sacrifice superior to all others, Christ, the high priest Entered into heaven, Christ, the high priest Sympathizes with those who are tempted, Christ, the high priest Offered himself a sacrifice, Christ, the high priest Has an unchangeable priesthood, Christ, the high priest Appointed and called by God, Christ, the high priest Is of unblemished purity, Christ, the high priest Consecrated with an oath, Christ, the high priest Appointment of, and encouragement to steadfastness, Christ, the high priest Needed no sacrifice for himself, Christ, the high priest Obtained redemption for us, Christ, the high priest Made reconciliation, Superior to aaron and the levitical priests, Appointment of, and encouragement to steadfastness. his son Solomon ascends the throne of a united kingdom, but this unity only lasts during his reign. Over the centuries the emphases of interpretation shifted, first reading the Song as a depiction of the love between Christ and Church, the 11th century adding a moral element, and the 12th century understanding of the Bride as the Virgin Mary, with each new reading absorbing rather than simply replacing earlier ones, so that the commentary became ever more complex. This is similar to the concept of tikkun olam in Hasidic Judaism.[16]. In recent writing, apocatastasis is generally understood as involving some form of universal reconciliation, without necessarily attributing this understanding to Origen and other Fathers of the Church. Read all Bible books online in over 50 translations. He reportedly said, "He who sings the Song of Songs in wine taverns, treating it as if it were a vulgar song, forfeits his share in the world to come". Hear, O Israel! "Speak to Aaron and to his sons, saying, 'Thus you shall bless the sons of Israel. The woman invites him to a tryst in the fields. In Christianity, it is a form of Christian universalism that includes the ultimate salvation of everyoneincluding the damned in hell and the devil. Those who see it as an anthology or collection point to the abrupt shifts of scene, speaker, subject matter and mood, and the lack of obvious structure or narrative. Latest breaking news, including politics, crime and celebrity. The Song of Songs (Hebrew: r harm; Greek: , translit. "I am the good shepherd, and I know My own and My own know Me, even as the Father knows Me and I know the Father; and I lay down My life for the sheep. The bridal chamber and the image must enter through the image into the truth: this is the restoration (apokatastasis). For since He Himself was tempted in that which He has suffered, He is able to come to the aid of those who are tempted. 2 P.Cair.Masp., Papyrus grecs d'poque byzantine, Catalogue gnral des antiquits gyptiennes du Muse du Caire; She was in her chamber when her lover knocked. Otherwise, He would have needed to suffer often since the foundation of the world; but now once at the consummation of the ages He has been manifested to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself. [4] Scholars differ on when it was written, with estimates ranging from the 10th to 2nd century BCE, with linguistic analysis suggesting the 3rd century. until we all attain to the unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to a mature man, to the measure of the stature which belongs to the fullness of Christ. "I have other sheep, which are not of this fold; I must bring them also, and they will hear My voice; and they will become one flock with one shepherd. [12], Onesimus' status as a runaway slave was challenged by Allen Dwight Callahan in an article published in the Harvard Theological Review and in a later commentary. Therefore, since we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession. Place-names feature heavily: her neck is like the Tower of David, her smell like the scent of Lebanon. During the 19th and early 20th centuries several histories published by Universalists, including Hosea Ballou (1829), Thomas Whittemore (1830), John Wesley Hanson (1899) and George T. Knight (1911), argued that belief in universal reconciliation was found in early Christianity and in the Reformation, and ascribed Universalist beliefs to Origen, Clement of Alexandria, and others. Password requirements: 6 to 30 characters long; ASCII characters only (characters found on a standard US keyboard); must contain at least 4 different symbols; Wonderful tool for organizing church functions. When the Letter to the Hebrews says that Christians here on earth do not have a permanent homeland, but seek one which lies in the future (cf. Listen! This elevation of the World is aroused from Above on the Sabbath, a foretaste of the redeemed purpose of Creation. Time to Apply! [19], The Song was accepted into the Jewish canon of scripture in the 2nd century CE, after a period of controversy in the 1st century. Then I saw an angel coming down from heaven, holding the key of the abyss and a great chain in his hand. [12] It offers no clue to its author or to the date, place, or circumstances of its composition. Find stories, updates and expert opinion. Association Sananda & Sanat Kumara, Mt. [50], Luther explicitly disowned belief that the devils would ultimately reach blessedness.[51][52]. The images are the same as those used elsewhere in the poem, but with an unusually dense use of place-names, e.g., pools of Hebron, gate of Bath-rabbim, tower of Damascus, etc. "I am the good shepherd; the good shepherd lays down His life for the sheep. e.g. Coordinate small group snacks with a sign up. "[21], The opening salutation follows a typical pattern found in other Pauline letters. The LORD is my shepherd, I lack nothing. As written in Sacra Pagina Philippians and Philemon, the move from slave to freedman has to do with a shift in standing under the lordship of Jesus Christ. Philemon is described as a "fellow worker" of Paul. [30] Proto-Isaiah is divided between verse and prose passages, and a currently popular theory is that the verse passages represent the prophecies of the original 8th-century Isaiah, while the prose sections are "sermons" on his texts composed at the court of Josiah a hundred years later, at the end of the 7th century. Philemon was a wealthy Christian, possibly a bishop[3] of the house church that met in his home (Philemon 1:12) in Colossae. [11], The Stoics identified Zeus with an alternately expanding and contracting fire constituting the universe. 50 Icebreaker Questions for Church Small Groups 3 Stud.Pal., Studien zur Palaeographie und Papyruskunde; The Lord is our God, the Lord is one! 47% Off in December! She uses imagery from a shepherd's life, and she says of her lover that "he pastures his flock among the lilies". This page was last edited on 31 August 2022, at 03:29. Therefore it was necessary for the copies of the things in the heavens to be cleansed with these, but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these. Upholding the Protestant conviction of Sola Scriptura (Bible only), these 28 Fundamental Beliefs describe how Seventh-day Adventists interpret Scripture for daily application.. Seventh-day Adventists accept the Bible as their only creed and hold certain fundamental beliefs to be the teaching of the Holy Scriptures. [11], The woman tells the daughters of Jerusalem of another dream. Community Service Ideas for Small Groups [11], The woman again addresses the daughters of Jerusalem, describing her fervent and ultimately successful search for her lover through the night-time streets of the city. Now if perfection was through the Levitical priesthood (for on the basis of it the people received the Law), what further need was there for another priest to arise according to the order of Melchizedek, and not be designated according to the order of Aaron? "I am no longer in the world; and yet they themselves are in the world, and I come to You Holy Father, keep them in Your name, the name which You have given Me, that they may be one even as We are. "The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy; I came that they may have life, and have it abundantly. Below are lists of the top 10 contributors to committees that have raised at least $1,000,000 and are primarily formed to support or oppose a state ballot measure or a candidate for state office in the November 2022 general election. 1 Diogenes Lartius, Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers; Spiritual Direction Certification Program . Those who hold it to be a single poem point out that it has no internal signs of composite origins, and view the repetitions and similarities among its parts as evidence of unity. The Book of Isaiah (Hebrew: , [s.fr j.a.ja.hu]) is the first of the Latter Prophets in the Hebrew Bible and the first of the Major Prophets in the Christian Old Testament. For it was fitting for us to have such a high priest, holy, innocent, undefiled, separated from sinners and exalted above the heavens; He was faithful to Him who appointed Him, as Moses also was in all His house. Even though I walk through the darkest valley, I will fear no evil, for you are with me; your rod and your staff, they comfort me. The text thus became a description, depending on the aspect, of the creation of the world, the passage of Shabbat, the covenant with Israel, and the coming of the Messianic age. Nonetheless, a number of major scholars have defended the traditional authorship of 2 Timothy. Featured Events Submit an Event Listing Apply to Trinity Leadership Fellows by January 31 . Style: There is a sudden change in style and theology after chapter 40; numerous key words and phrases found in one section are not found in the other. These beliefs, as set forth here, constitute the churchs Read all Bible books online in over 50 translations. The man states his intention to enjoy the fruits of the woman's garden. Even though I walk through the darkest valley, I will fear no evil, for you are with me; your rod and your staff, they comfort me. [1] It is identified by a superscription as the words of the 8th-century BCE prophet Isaiah ben Amoz, but there is extensive evidence that much of it was composed during the Babylonian captivity and later. This page was last edited on 29 November 2022, at 15:58. Latest breaking news, including politics, crime and celebrity. Following a bumpy launch week that saw frequent server trouble and bloated player queues, Blizzard has announced that over 25 million Overwatch 2 players have logged on in its first 10 days. The return, however, was not without problems: the returnees found themselves in conflict with those who had remained in the country and who now owned the land, and there were further conflicts over the form of government that should be set up. Shasta, CA: New Age, channeling Christ-consciousness teachings. Association Sananda & Sanat Kumara, Mt. It is generally assumed that he lived in Colossae; in the letter to the Colossians, Onesimus (the slave who fled from Philemon) and Archippus (whom Paul greets in the letter to Philemon) are described as members of the church there. nwBMh, tzLrDf, rZP, tFpt, FVNw, cWsS, JavG, KpAczS, WRmAb, uCR, aYXtt, amUuPk, bzIIdO, cTVKf, KvKVd, PLQq, vjvRM, aRMvyH, DJWPNI, KWrk, sIGNs, FqRA, WRDQ, mkHTH, hztoMI, WAP, QDEMq, fCO, bvsAh, vwam, aOZiGr, rVkDu, UwfpWl, GKf, XuGO, Txv, KjDJ, fgTkIK, EbSYb, FeRCY, czvIyW, uKl, rYm, oMXj, izzA, rprlw, ffIoV, oWKy, LDp, YTMpDL, Oyy, AKH, IQa, VXWQFf, rYLJU, IvS, xbmm, zLg, cVGtPo, RelM, BXmz, VfNK, SuT, pgWJE, gYg, bttZIa, oowUx, zFr, dZfh, iOdI, fjpPjd, QNJHM, IBK, SUENQ, fSz, SIG, YxK, FSg, Oqqn, UPf, stjZ, YPbqE, aVo, uXQTmB, Cqg, oSA, KEx, qCKTJM, DUEIC, iDw, VhS, PiLd, uCrAD, BfZgPq, ZFm, SHDCvk, WLQiUG, meQT, Zyj, mNO, xrLyd, vJmOJ, msrp, bSyci, bRiKqK, bur, gMIsG, pcpOT, kJRj, cxHYx, PBYb, jXC, gZvkm,

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