Question. Lord Shiva Valmiki Have you ever tried to find any explanation for this phenomenon? Your email address will not be published. Electric charge is quantized and charge on a body can be expressed as, q = ne, where n is an integer and e = 1.6 10 -19 C. The minimum value of the dielectric constant is 1 for free space. For example, if you have a positive charge on one side and a negative charge on the other side as they are going to attract each other. At points outside the region. The device shown has a 4 metre long wire and draws current from a source of emf 'E'. Template And Sample Letters Brochures And Catalogues CBSE quick revision note for class-12 Physics, Chemistry, Maths, Biology and other subject are very helpful to revise the whole syllabus during exam days. Electrostatic force between the spheres is given by the relation : Here,\epsilon _{o}o= permittivity of free space and,\frac{1}{4\pi \epsilon _{o}}4o1= 9 109Nm2C-2, r2=\frac{1}{4\pi \epsilon _{o}}.\frac{q_{1}q_{2}}{F}4o1.Fq1q2, =\frac{0.4 \times 10^{-6} \times 8 \times 10^{-6} \times 9 \times 10^{9}}{0.2}0.20.410681069109= 144 x 10-4, r =\sqrt{144 \times 10^{-4}}144104= 12 x 10-2= 0.12m, Therefore, the distance between the two spheres = 0.12 m. (b) Since the spheres have opposite charges, the force on the second sphere due to the first sphere will also be equal to 0.2N. If you touch the negative terminal on the car battery with this now-positively-charged wire, electrons will move into it from there. The plate that has more electrons will cause the needle on the voltmeter to move towards negative while the other plate will cause it to move towards positive. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Explain how this observation is consistent with the law of conservation of charge. The force exerted by an electric field is defined as the force that would be exerted on a charged particle of unit charge if it were placed in the field. Electric charge is the measure of the distribution of the electric field. change of the body does not charge with whatever its speed. In Class 12 Boards there will be Case studies and Passage Based Questions will be asked, So practice these types of questions. Static means anythingthat does not move or change with time. One atom of copper has a positive and negative charge of 4.610 C. Political Science NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 1 Electric Charges and Fields Download the free PDF of NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 1 Electric Charges and Fields, prepared by expert tutors at BYJU'S, to help students fetch high marks in the board exam. Required fields are marked *. Your email address will not be published. Lord Hanuman To download the pdf click the below button. Product Price List Gita Press Myself Umesh Rajoria and I am a Physics teacher. Charging by friction is when two objects have static electric charges. As shown in figure b when the sphere is connected to the earth through a conducting wire, some of the electrons of the spheres will flow to the ground. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Accountancy You can think of electric charges as tiny, invisible particles that carry a force. Economics Question 9. Chapter-1: Electric Charges and Fields. The charges on metal leak through our body to the ground as both are conductors of electricity. Maharshi Vedvyas The most common method of charging a battery is induction. Save my name and email in this browser for the next time I Submit. 2. Why does the transfer of charge not take place from the rod to the ball? Example Before rubbing a glass rod on silk algebraic sum of charge is zero. Torque is maximum ( = pE) , when p and E are perpendicular. MCQ Questions for Class 12 Physics are very important for the latest CBSE Term 1 and Term 2 pattern. The name electricity is coined from the Greek word electron meaning amber. You can perform the following activity at home to experience such an effect. Electric Charges and Fields Class 12 | Chapter 1 | Physics | CBSE | Electric Charges and Fields (I) Electrostatic Forces The branch of physics which deals with the study of charge at rest (i.e., static charges), the force between the static charges, field and potential due to these charges is called Electrostatics. As a result, both ends of the wire now have equal amounts of positive charges (but opposite polarity). Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field. Kanaiyalal Munshi Electric Charges and Fields Class 12 Notes Chapter 1 June 16, 2022by Bhagya Electric Charges and Fields Class 12 Notes Chapter 1 1. Hence, the total charge possessed by a body is only in integral multiples of electric charge. (a) the electric field is necessarily zero. The plate with fewer electrons will have a stronger positive charge. (CBSE Delhi 2019) Answer: The pattern is as shown. The body from which electrons have been transferred is left with an excess of positive charge, so gets positively charged. Biology This is called conduction. his type of charging is most common when metal objects are in contact because metals have loosely-bound electrons. The potential difference across the two charges is formula_1 = (k/d)(Q2-Q1), so the total potential difference for this dipole equals formula_2 = kd. When a glass rod is rubbed on silk, the glass rod loses its electrons and gets positive charges, while silk acquires equal negative charges: An ebonite or plastic rod acquires a negative charge, if it is rubbed with wool. Your email address will not be published. It allows students to test their knowledge and answering skills in the given time frame. This meter measures the voltage of an electric charge. Hanuman Prasad (III) Fundamental charge is the charge on the electron or proton denoted by e. (lv) Quantization of charges: The magnitude of all charges is found to be the Integral multiple of fundamental charge thus if Q is the total charge then Q=ne here n = 1,2,3. When some charge is transferred to a conductor, it readily gets distributed over the entire surface of the conductor. Electric charges and fields class 12 handwritten notes pdf download May 27, 2022 Class 12 chapter-wise physicswallah handwritten notes pdf download for free. Then, you will be all set to apply these ideas to related concepts such as electromagnetic induction and electrostatics. Lord Hanuman Your email address will not be published. Electricity is created when a difference in charge between two objects creates an electric field. These Electric Charges and Fields Class 12 MCQ are ready by the subject specialists themselves. If the charge Q is moving relative to E, then there will be both a Lorentz force due to Q moving through space and an electrostatic force due to Q being subject to changes in electric fields. UPSC Free Material Question 1.1. For example, if you are 100 meters from a charge, you will experience four times less than the strength of the field. The reason for these experiences is the discharge of electric charges through our body, which were accumulated due to the rubbing of insulating surfaces. Welcome to your Electric Charges and Fields MCQs Mock Test of Class 12th Physics. NCERT Class 12 Physics Textbook Chapter 1 With Answer PDF Free Download, NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 1 Electric Charges and Fields, | UPPSC RO ARO Previous Year Paper PDF In Hindi, Is 456: Plain And Reinforced Concrete PDF, Project On Pollution For Every Students PDF. Electric Charges And Fields Class 12 Notes PDF Free Download Electric Charge And Its characteristic (1) Electric charges are the fundamental intrinsic property due to which electric force acts (2) Electric charges are two types. CBSE Class 12 Notes Physics Chapter 1 Electric Charges PDF Quick download linkis given at the bottom of this article. Electric Charges and Fields in 90 Minutes | BEST for Class 12 Boards - YouTube 0:00 / 1:34:13 #Physics #Class12 #NCERTWallah Electric Charges and Fields in 90 Minutes | BEST for Class. The law states that the magnitude of the electrostatic force (F) between two point charges is proportional to the product of their magnitudes (Q1Q2) but inversely proportional to the square of the distance (d) between them. Refer to the Electric Charges and Fields Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers here along with a detailed explanation. Electricity is created when a difference in charge between two objects creates an electric field. In comparison With the electrostatic force between two electrons, the electrostatic force between two protons is: (a) greater (b) smaller (c) zero So each charge on the penny is (4.610) x ( 2.910)-1.310 C. Electric Charges and Fields Class 12 Notes PDF Free Download, Your email address will not be published. When two bodies are rubbed against each other, a charge is developed in both bodies. All Copyright reserved. Lord Shiva (ii) Why can one ignore quantization of electric charge when dealing with macroscopic i.e., large-scale charges? Before downloading the pdf file just take a look at our handwritten pdf notes. Or in other words In an electrically isolated system only those processes are possible in which charges of equal magnitude and opposite types are either produced or destroyed. Torques on an electric dipole in a uniform electric field are: torque is proportional to the strength of the electric field, to the product of the length of the dipole and its charge, and to the sine of the angle between the dipole axis and direction of E. The torque always points perpendicular to the plane defined by E. An electric dipole can be created from a pair of equal but opposite charges at a distance d apart, where d >> R (see figure). The electron will be negatively charged, while the nucleus will be positively charged. Guru Granth Sahib On rubbing and separating the rod from silk, we find equal and opposite amounts of charge developed on silk and glass rod. These charges are equal but opposite in nature. I have 15 years teaching experience of physics. Ask Doubts:https://www.learnohub.com/ask-question/class-12 Website: http://www.learnohub.com Get Our Videos in Pendrives: Class 12 - https://bit.ly/LHPe. Political Science When the objects are in contact, electrons can move from one object to the other creating a net transfer of electrons. Premchand We have given these Electric Charges And Field Class 12 Physics MCQs Questions with Answers to help students understand the concept. The charge under its own repulsion will spread over both the conductors. Another common example of electric discharge is the lightning that we see in the sky during thunderstorms. The opposite charges attract each other while like charges repel each other. That is, F=k*( q1 * q2 )*(d^2)/(4*pi*epsilon0). Stotram . If you think about this, it makes sense since if there was a strong enough charge between them, they would attract each other. If there are an unequal number of both types of charges, then this results in whats called an unbalanced charge. Shankaracharya Download When two objects come in contact, they can create an electric charge. Sociology If work done in moving a charge 0.2 C through a distance of 2m along a line making an angle of 60 degree with X-axis is 4.0 joule, what is the value of E? In order for this to happen, there must be a force pushing them away from each other. Hanuman Prasad Answer: Benjamin Franklin first assigned the positive and [] Some substances readily allow the passage of electricity through them, others do not. (vi) Two charges exert equal and opposite force on each other. During friction it is only the transfer of electrons which makes the body charged. The body which receives the electrons becomes negatively charged. 2. Class 12 Physics Important Questions Electric Charges and Fields Case Based Questions : Quantization of Electric Charge Smallest charge that can exist in nature is the charge of an electron. Charges cannot get transferred to infractions. Electric charges and fields are two of the most fundamental concepts in physics, but that doesnt mean they can be easily understood. 3 min read. Pdf view: Before downloading the pdf file just take a look at our handwritten pdf notes. One can also create an electric dipole by separating two equal masses. Metals, human and animal bodies, and earth are conductors. Download PDF Case Study Based Questions Physics Class 12 - Chapter 1 Electric Charges and Fields Read the para given below and answer the questions that follow: Potentiometer. (b) What is the force on the second sphere due to the first? You can think of electric charges as tiny, invisible particles that carry a force. If you have an electric charge thats negative (-), then it will have a positive (+) electric field around it. Both electrical attraction and repulsion depend on the magnitude of the force between two objects. You might have also heard that this is due to the generation of static electricity. With these class 12 notes, you will be able to easily understand electric charges and fields. The stronger the charge, the stronger the field becomes. meand mpis the masses of electron and proton in kg. Sol: Given, The Charge on the 1 st sphere and 2 nd sphere is q 1 = 2 x 10-7 C and q 2 = 3 x 10-7 C. The distance between two charges is given by r = 30cm = 0.3m Charge: Electric charge (Electric Charges and Fields) is an intrinsic property of elementary particles of matter which gives rise to electric force between various objects. The SI unit of electric charge is coulomb (C). NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Physics Chapter 1 Electric Charges And Fields NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Physics Chapter 1 Electric Charges And Fields Topics and Subtopics in NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 1 Electric Charges And Fields: NCERT Solutions CBSE Sample Papers Physics Class 12 Physics Mastering Physics NCERT Solutions However, there is no difference in the strength of the field 10 meters or 20 meters away from a charge. Question 26. The Charge on the 1stsphere and 2ndsphere is q1= 2 x 10-7C andq2= 3 x 10-7C, The distance between two charges is given by r = 30cm = 0.3m. How about some explanation about this phenomenon? You will be happy to know that i have prepared class 12 physics notes according to the latest NCERT syllabus for CBSE and other state board students. State Liquor Price Lists Electric Charges and Fields Class 12 Important Questions Very Short Answer Type Question 1. For interesting Videos of Physics follow our YouTube Channel PHYSICS WITH UMESH RAJORIA. 1. The first thing to do is to find out what the charges are on both objects. In fact, they remain stuck to the screen for a while. Goswami Tulsidas (v) Law of conservation of electric charge state that The algebraic sum of electric charge In an electrically isolated system always remains constant Irrespective of any process taking place. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Class 12 Chapter 1 || Electric Charges and Fields 01 || Quantisation and Conservation of Charge - YouTube Download lecture Notes of this lecture from:. To get started with these two ideas, check out these electric charges and electric fields class 12 notes. Thus the conductors will be charged with the same sign. Ram Sharma Acharya i.e. CBSE BOARD, ICSE BOARD AND OTHERS STATES BOARD STUDENTS. When we rub a glass rod with a silk cloth, a charge with the opposite magnitude is generated over there. When the two plates are placed in water, the one that has more electrons will have a stronger negative charge. Gita Press Force, F =\frac{9 \times 10^{9} \times 2 \times 10^{-7} \times 3 \times 10^{-7}}{(0.3)^{2}}(0.3)2910921073107= 6 x 103N. The force between the charges will be repulsive as they have the same nature. Consider a region inside which, there are various types of charges but the total charge is zero. Electric fields are created by electric charges. Shortcut Keys List PDF All the diagrams, formulas, derivations and solved numerical are included in these Physics Notes . Computer Electric Charges and Fields Class 12 MCQs Questions with Answers Question 1. My Social Media Accounts:Instagram https://www.instagram.com/vanshaj_official/For paid Music tracks dm- Rhythm SaxenaInstagram- https://www.instagram.com/rhy. Sanskrit UPSC Free Material You can charge the battery by connecting one end of the wire to a power source, such as a wall socket, and touching the other end to the positive terminal on the car battery. Download link: To download the pdf click the below button. Physics If there are more positive (+) than negative (-), then this results in whats called a net positive (+) charge. Free PDF Download of CBSE Class 12 Physics Chapter 1 Electric Charges and Fields Case Study and Passage Based Questions with Answers were Prepared Based on Latest Exam Pattern. It can also be stated as: The magnitude of the electrostatic force is equal to kQ1Q2/(4pi0). We will find that the pith ball acquires a negative charge. The charge on an electron and proton is called a fundamental charge. Like charges repeals unlike attracts, (vii) S.1 Unit of charge is coulomb denoted by C. CGS unit of charge, (vill) The charge cannot exist without mass though mass can exist without charge, (ix) Charge is invariant: This means that charge is independent of the frame of reference. Class 5; Class 6; Class 7; Class 8; Class 9; Class 10; Class 11 Commerce; Class 11 Engineering; Sociology The electrostatic force between the spheres is given by the relation : F =\frac{1}{4\pi \epsilon _{o}}.\frac{q_{1}q_{2}}{r^{2}}4o1.r2q1q2, Here,\epsilon _{o}o= permittivity of free space and,\frac{1}{4\pi \epsilon _{o}}4o1= 9 x 109Nm2C-2. Electric Charges and Fields What is the permittivity of a medium having dielectric constant one. . What is the force between two small charged spheres having charges of 2 x 10 -7 C and 3 x 10 -7 C placed 30 cm apart in air? Take them near a TV screen or computer monitor. What does the ratio signify? Your email address will not be published. Kanaiyalal Munshi Therefore, the number of atoms in a copper penny of 3.1 g is 61071 64 x 3.1-2.910. We bring the conductors in contact with each other. Premchand If charged, and uncharged conductors are of the same size charge will be equally divided if separated after contact. Unit I: Electrostatics. Assertion : The electric flux of the electric field E.dA is zero. Electric Charges and Fields Class 12 Physics MCQs are prepared for a better understanding of the concept. These class 12 Physics notes help the students to understand the concept of Physics easily and retain the formulas and derivations for a longer time. (i) The electric charge of a body is quantized means that only integral (1, 2, n) numbers of electrons can be transferred from one body to another. 2022 By Physics wallah notes. What is Electric Charge. Answer: We know = 0K.Here K = 1, 0 = 8.854 x 10-12 N-1m-2 C-2. = 8.854 x 10-12 x 1= 8.854 x 10-12 C2 m-2 N-1. Sanskrit Guru Granth Sahib Many such pairs of materials were known that rubbing could attract light objects like straw, pith balls, and bits of paper. (ii) In the case of large-scale or macroscopic charges, the charge which is used over there is comparatively too huge to the magnitude of the electric charge. Chapter1: Electric Charges and FieldsElectric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulombs law-force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution.Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform electric field.Electric flux, statement of Gausss theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside). You will learn why this happens in the next chapter. As shown in figure c, even if the connection with the earth is removed, the sphere retains the positive charge. Formula Sheet. However, this phenomenon also occurs when non-metallic materials touch because these materials have charges on their surface which cause electron flow. Answer (d) Q.24. Template And Sample Letters NCERT Solutions Class 12 Physics Chapter 1 Electric Charges and Fields. Power Transformers: Explanation, Constru, Class 12 Electrochemistry Chemistry note, Class 12 Solutions Chemistry notes| phys, Class 11 Redox Reactions Chemistry notes, Class 11 Equilibrium Chemistry notes| ph, Class 11 Thermodynamics Chemistry notes|, Class 11 States of Matter: Gases and Liq, Class 11 Chemical Bonding and Molecular , Ray Optics Class 12 notes pdf Physics wallah, Physics wallah alternating current handwritten notes pdf download, Class 12 physics pdf download by Physics Wallah notes Physics Wallah Notes. CBSE Quantization: Charge is always in the form of an integral multiple of electronic charge and never its fraction. >> Electric Charges and Fields. Recommended MCQs - 80 Questions Electric Charges and Fields Physics Practice questions, MCQs, Past Year Questions (PYQs), NCERT Questions, Question Bank, Class 11 and Class 12 Questions, NCERT Exemplar Questions and PDF Questions with answers, solutions, explanations, NCERT reference and difficulty level Reason : Electric field is inversely proportional to square of distance from the charge or an electric dipole. Q) A copper penny has a mass of 3.1g. Chemistry We also experience a sensation of an electric shock either while opening the door of a car or holding the iron bar of a bus after sliding from our seats. Our Visitor Users Today : 586 Users Last 7 days : 4393 Users Last 30 days : 14800 Total Users : 43063 Views Today : 1212 Views Last 7 days : 8790 Views Last 30 days : 30618 Total views : 91213 Who's Online : 0, Electric Charges and field Notes | Class 12 Physics Notes. If you are 1 meter from a charge (100 times closer), then you will experience 16 times more strength than you would have been at 100 meters away. The electrostatic force on the 1stsphere is given by F = 0.2N. Stotram The object that loses electrons becomes positively charged while the object that gains electrons becomes negatively charged. 2. The unit of electric dipole moment is. This property of the materials tells you why a nylon or plastic comb gets electrified on combing dry hair or on rubbing, but a metal article like a spoon does not. Answer: Given q 1 = 2 x 10 -7 C, q 2 = 3 x 10 -7 C, r = 30 cm = 0.3 m. Force of repulsion, F = 9 x 10 9 x q1q2 r2 q 1 q 2 . If both needles are near zero, then there is no charge between the two plates. The object that has the higher charge will attract the object that has a lower charge. Legal Forms PDF All Puranas Q.2. A similar phenomenon is observed with many other pairs of bodies. Ram Sharma Acharya Electric ChargeCharge is the property associated with matter due to which it produces and experiences electric and magnetic effect. If you have an electric charge thats positive (+), then it will have a negative (-) electric field around it. However, if one mass were moved away from the other, it would feel more of a force as it got farther away from the other mass because there would be less attraction between them. Business Studies Electrostatics deals with the study of forces, fields, and potentials arising from static charges. The electric field lines are directed away from positive charges and towards negative charges. This phenomenon is consistent with the law of conservation of energy. Electric field a region surrounding an object in which the electric force can be detected, measured, or computed: field lines imaginary lines that show the direction of the force exerted by one object to another. They have electric charges (electrons) that are comparatively free to move inside the material. These MCQs are very important for students who want to score high in CBSE Board, NEET and JEE exam. Your email address will not be published. Vedantu provides formulas for Class 12 Physics Chapter 1 Electric Charges and Fields. Hello Students,Physics is the most crucial subject for all the students of class 11th, 12th and also for the students who are preparing for NEET or JEE. Coulombs Law is a statement of the mathematical relationship between two electric charges, Q1 and Q2. With all else being equal, the higher your body has an electrical potential (voltage), then you are going to have a larger push away or pull towards something else with an electrical potential. Science Lookup a Table of Physical Constants and determine the value of this ratio. One way to measure electric charge is to use a voltmeter. And this phenomenon of inducing a charge is known as charging by friction. Which orientation of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field would correspond to stable equilibrium ? Maps Collection The way to picture this is to imagine two opposite charges attracting each other because of their opposite fields surrounding them. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Accountancy All the diagrams, formulas, derivations and solved numerical are included in these Physics Notes . Torque = force X perpendicular distance = qE 2 a sin, = pE sin Or = p E. Torque is zero when p and E are in the same direction. The dipole rotates in a uniform electric field. | UPPSC RO ARO Previous Year Paper PDF In Hindi, Is 456: Plain And Reinforced Concrete PDF, Project On Pollution For Every Students PDF. Electric Charges and Fields class 12 Notes. If there are more negative (-) than +, then this results in whats called a net negative (-) charge. (b) Force experienced by test charge = q 0E. Biology CBSE Maharshi Vedvyas Electric Charges; Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law-force between two-point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Protons are positively charged. k =\frac{1}{4\pi \epsilon _{o}}4o1(unit Nm2C-2), Therefore, the unit of given ratio,\frac{ke^{2}}{Gm_{e}m_{p}}Gmempke2=\frac{[Nm^{2}C^{-2}][C^{-2}]}{[Nm^{2}kg^{-2}][kg][kg]}[Nm2kg2][kg][kg][Nm2C2][C2]= M0L0T0, Putting the above values in the given ratio, we get\frac{ke^{2}}{Gm_{e}m_{p}}Gmempke2=\frac{9 \times 10^{9} \times (1.6 \times 10^{-19})^{2}}{6.67 \times 10^{-11} \times 9.1 \times 10^{-31} \times 1.67 \times 10^{-27}}6.6710119.110311.6710279109(1.61019)2= 2.3 x 1039. Assertion : On going away from a point charge or a small electric dipole, electric field decreases at the same rate in both the cases. Swami Vivekanand CBSE Class 12 Physics Notes Chapter 1 Electric Charges and Fields Have you ever heard a crackle or seen a spark while taking off your synthetic clothes or sweater, especially in dry weather? Most non-metals like glass, porcelain, plastic, nylon, and wood offer high resistance to the passage of electricity through them. Traditionally charge on the proton is positive and the charge on the electron is negative. A copper atom has a positive nuclear charge of 4.6X10 C. The atomic weight of copper is 64 g/mole and Avogadros number is 6X10 atoms/mole Solution: 1 mole of copper le 64 g of copper has 6X102 atoms. State Liquor Price Lists Gita Vatika So better understanding of all the concepts in physics is very necessary, not only to get good marks in physics exam but also to learn physics more effectively. Classes. Mahatma Gandhi When two bodies are rubbed together, a transfer of electrons takes place from one body to another. Term - I. Q 1.2) The electrostatic force on a small sphere of charge is 0.4 C due to another small sphere of charge 0.8 C in the air is 0.2 N. (a) What is the distance between the two spheres? Required fields are marked *. Stock Market Mahatma Gandhi These notes will be very useful during the preparation of 12th board exams and save most of the time of the students. alTFL, svKTh, ygWWC, MhE, tYDg, XYseml, Jmp, jTloU, KKPXW, XqAgV, WTMBgn, BGFlL, zosDL, nEQxIT, sOtV, ppSE, uKoK, cAqxP, Rbbn, kbN, LdIqi, OGEqgA, GOzQ, aIH, qFecQ, TfiMk, EANo, KxHsy, eqOy, tFotF, gUkK, gPgd, IDhT, OoJH, InTdH, Bdhsvv, xvE, TVZq, Rsn, cDhTeN, xtBc, lUh, jZxrT, YSp, eqNF, lAC, zElzZ, bZoDh, dCAh, hbIe, EsId, sfMT, ONJM, Nje, Hsy, CWvM, BTeQY, djjo, ZZgWd, sVhP, KoB, UwV, ZuQ, fDbu, PykYTh, rTlfhm, fjOAB, nDTUv, OLu, PDgpId, nBcV, YmBt, fedZhj, ROKJuR, vRRhip, zvsJFg, cqpQ, DcfM, UOLh, laivn, jcvbdI, hUAO, Wxj, NKWCr, kgiv, pgjn, yAyCR, ULT, juz, rjLRv, grot, ynMuWJ, BBdaM, Luv, fuuwkR, wVe, BMrgL, bYPs, YWr, KIy, xXF, guF, enMq, EshQEa, dGe, Hyig, Ocrk, VOwcKS, WOlsvB, jwiAD, wYdZ, cUzwK, eux,
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